AVIATION TECHNOLOGY

Technology in Aviation Is Continuously Changing

Technology in Aviation Is Continuously Changing

IntroductionAir transport industry has developed a new operational concept for air traffic management (ATM), which provides for significant changes in the aircraft, infrastructure and ground systems. The current system of ATMs (land navigation equipment, radar and voice communication) will be unable to cope with the expected increase in air traffic.

Industry has responded by developing the operational concept, known as the Future Air Navigation System (Fans), which relies on space navigation and communication to ensure the necessary improvements in communication, navigation and surveillance (CNS), in order to effectively cope with future levels of traffic and provide a level of effectiveness of current operations.

FANS concept broke new technical ground, as required by industry to consider ATM as a system with ground components, space components, as well as on-board components. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) FANS committee also committed to certain technical solutions to improve the central nervous system, such as air traffic management (ATM) system should not only be considered as a system, it should also be considered as a business.

Revolutionary Evolution

Imagine the air environment in which airlines and other airspace users the freedom to choose their preferred flight paths in real time, virtually without restriction. Although this degree of freedom not yet, the goal of air traffic controllers around the world strive to achieve every day through their efforts to accommodate flights to the most direct and efficient routes possible. This is the second goal only the prevention of collisions - that is inherent in air traffic control (ATC). Restrictions caused by permanent airspace reservations for national purposes and technical limitations in the ATC system still exert pressure on this goal elusive.

In 1983, the ICAO chartered the Special Committee on the Future Air Navigation System (fans) to study the existing infrastructure of air traffic and to recommend changes to support the expected growth of air traffic over the next 25 years(Esler, 2001).

Limitations of the Present Aviation Infrastructure

This navigation system cannot support the predicted growth of air traffic in the next two to three decades in terms of capacity, efficiency and safety. FANS committee identified the following weaknesses in the existing system:

• Restrictions on the line of sight systems in terms of distribution of distance, accuracy and reliability;

• Difficulties in implementing and operating systems in a consistent manner throughout the world;

• Restrictions on voice and

There is lack of digital data air-ground exchange systems to support automation in aircraft and on the ground (Evans, and Wurster, 2000).

The Main Elements of the Proposed ATM Infrastructure CNS

Communications

The transition to digital air-ground communication with the current analog radios

Navigation

Go to the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation and landing and the subsequent decommissioning of ground navigational aids and facilities precision approach.

Observation

It is focused on the transition from ground observation dependent cooperative surveillance, GPS-derived positions.

Air Traffic Control

The transition from the existing routes and traffic management for the overall air traffic management (ATM) platforms according to user interfaces, and general software support

Other Major Transitions

• The transition from the ...