ARAB-ISRAEL HISTORY

Arab-Israel History

What were the reasons for the success of the Jewish Yishuv in 1947?

Introduction

Yishuv ("The Jewish settlements in the Land of Israel ") is the term in Hebrew often used to refer to the mass of people Jews living in the Ottoman Palestine and then the British Mandate of Palestine before the establishment of the State of Israel, between 1880 and 1948. Both residents and new settlers were collectively the "Yishuv" or "Ha - Yishuv." The term came into use from the early 1880 (when there were about 25,000 Jews living in Ottoman Syria) to the creation of the State of Israel in 1948 (when they had About 700,000 Jews). It used even today in Hebrew to designate the Jewish population prior to statehood. Usually distinguish between the Old Yishuv and New Yishuv.

The "Old Yishuv" refers to all Jews living in Ottoman Syria before the First Aliyah in 1882 that began the colonization Zionist territory. These were mainly Orthodox Jews living in Jerusalem, Safed, Tiberias and Hebron. Small communities were also in Jaffa, Haifa, Peki'in, Acre, Shechem, Shfaram and until 1779 also in Gaza. Much of the past Yishuv spent his time studying the Torah and received donations from Jews in the Diaspora.

The "New Yishuv" refers to all those Jewish immigrants who began settling in the territory since the First Aliyah, 1882 until the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.

A concept closely linked to that of yishuv is to Aliyah (plural Aliyot) or immigration (return) Jewish Eretz Israel. During the Ottoman, there were two major Aliyot a result of which the yishuv tripled, from about 25,000 people in 1880 to 83,000 (10% of the population) in 1920. After the end of World War 1, was another three Aliyot, thanks to which in 1931 were 172,000 Jews (17% of the population) and in 1942 was 485,000 (30%). The peak years of immigration were 1925 and 1933 - 1936, a period in which many European Jews fled the advance of fascism and the political anti-Semites in Europe. On the eve of the proclamation of the State of Israel, there were significant new migrations of Jewish survivors of the Holocaust. In 1948, the entire Jewish Yishuv numbered 650,000 individuals.

Discussion

From Where It Starts

From the beginning, Jewish settlements in the local Arabs met with resistance. This was mostly passive resistance but also repeatedly in different incidents, sporadic attacks, appropriation of lands, etc., its expression. Whether these attacks were politically motivated, is doubtful. It was not until 1891, nine years after the start of the First Aliyah, the first signs of a political opposition to Zionism became noticeable. Prominent Arabs of Jerusalem asked the Ottoman administration to stop Jewish immigration and land sales. This call repeated from time to time.

Among the key findings of the uprising of the Young Turks in 1908, which brought with it a change of leadership, were the beginnings of Arab nationalism. The Arab national movement developed primarily in Syria, Lebanon and Palestine, where Arab newspapers founded, who spoke out against Jewish immigration and settlement ...