ALTERNATIVE FUEL

Alternative Fuel



Alternative Fuel

Introduction

Alternative fuels, furthermore renowned as non-conventional or sophisticated fuels, are any components or compounds that can be utilised as fuels, other than accepted fuels. Conventional fuels include: fossil fuels (petroleum (oil), coal, propane, and natural gas), and atomic components for example uranium.

 

Part 1

 Natural Gas

Natural gas is mainly methane.  Methane (CH4) is a molecule in which 4 hydrogen atoms are bonded to one carbon atom.  If you have a gas oven, lighting the oven determinants the methane to answer with oxygen in the air to issue heat and the atoms recombine to pattern carbon dioxide and water vapor. 

 

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

 

Fossil Fuel Emission Levels - Pounds per Billion Btu of Energy Input

Pollutant

Natural Gas

Oil

Coal

Carbon Dioxide

117,000

164,000

208,000

Carbon Monoxide

40

33

208

Nitrogen Oxides

92

448

457

Sulfur Dioxide

1

1,122

2,591

Particulates

7

84

2,744

Mercury

0.000

0.007

0.016

Source: EIA - Natural Gas Issues and Trends 1998

 

 Petrol

Petroleum is a blend of a very large number of distinct hydrocarbons; the most routinely discovered substances are alkanes (linear or branched), cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, or more perplexing chemicals like asphaltenes. Each petroleum kind has a exclusive blend of substances, which characterise its personal and chemical properties, like hue and viscosity(Kemp 2006).

 

2 C8H18(l) + 25 O2(g) ? 16 CO2(g) + 18 H2O(g) + 10.86 MJ/mol (of octane)

 

e10

 E10, occasionally called gasohol, is a fuel blend of 10% anhydrous ethanol and 90% petrol that can be utilised in the interior combustion motors of most up to date automobiles and light-duty vehicles without require for any modification on the motor or fuel system.

One way to assess alternate fuels in the US is the "gasoline-equivalent gallons" (GEG). In 2002, the U.S. utilised as fuel an allowance of ethanol identical to 137 petajoules (PJ), the power of 1.13 billion US gallons (4.28 GL) of gasoline. This was less than 1% of the total fuel utilised that year.

 

 Propane

Propane is a three-carbon alkane, commonly a gas, but compressible to a transportable liquid. It is drawn from other petroleum goods throughout oil or natural gas processing. It is routinely utilised as a fuel for motors, oxy-gas torches, barbecues, portable ovens and residential centered heating (Serra 2006).

Propane undergoes combustion responses in a alike latest tendency to other alkanes. In the occurrence of surplus oxygen, propane burns to pattern water and carbon dioxide.

C3H8 + 5 O2 ? 3 CO2 + 4 H2O + heat

propane + oxygen ? carbon dioxide + water

When not sufficient oxygen is present for entire combustion, incomplete combustion happens when propane burns and types water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and carbon.

2 C3H8 + 7 O2 ? 2 CO2 + 2 CO + 2 C + 8 H2O + heat

Propane + Oxygen ? Carbon Dioxide + Carbon Monoxide + Carbon + Water

 

Part 2 

With the risk of worldwide heating scheme threatening over our heads, it's no wonder Americans are scrambling round striving to find choices to their non-earth amicable habits. in supplement to the newest fixation with gas/electric hybrids, converse of alternate fuels is starting to cloud the green-auto consideration forums.

It's simple; alternate fuels are fuels drawn from determinants other than petroleum that aren't acknowledged ...