Theories of Human Development

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Theories of Human Development

Introduction

Psychology can be defined as the science which deals with mental processes specially those which affects human behaviors. Human development can be defined as the procedure of maturing from childhood to adulthood. Human development is a field devoted to comprehending human steadiness and change throughout his or her lifespan. Knowing human development is an important part of the educational process. Human behavior's knowledge for specific age groups allows adequate individual assessment and planning (Berk, p.7).

This paper will highlight the human development theory made by Kathleen Stassen Berger. Kathleen Stassen Berger was one of the major contributors who put forward his work regarding human development; he was the one of those contributors to propose that the stages of human development which comprises of humans' entire lives and not just their childhood. Growth includes physical changes, which extend from the prenatal period to old age, as well as the manifestations of growth and degradation.

Psychoanalytic Theory

Psychoanalytic theory began with the research of Sigmund Freud; during the 20th century, psychoanalytic theory evolved into a post-Freudian cacophony of contemporary schools: Classical Freudianism or ego psychology, British object relations, and French psychoanalytic traditions. These dominant orientations, revised by clinical practice, new schools of psychoanalytic thought, contemporary cultural theory, and the pressures of the talking cure, posit universal dilemmas in becoming human.

Psychoanalytic theory can be understood as a means for approaching existential questions of life and death, and aggression and Eros in the work of learning to live. These affective dynamics are the basis of the transference: the exchange of love and authority with desire and knowledge. The transference is the basic mechanism of learning and not learning (Britzman, p. 28).

Cognitive Theory

Cognitive idea is a learning theory of psychology that endeavors to interpret human demeanor by comprehending the thought processes. The assumption is that humans are ordered beings that make the alternatives that make the most sense to them. “Information processing” is a routinely utilized recount of the mental method, matching the human brain to a computer.

Pure cognitive idea largely declines behaviorism on the cornerstone that behaviorism decreases convoluted human demeanor to straightforward origin and effect. However, the tendency in past decades has been in the direction of amalgamating the two into a comprehensive cognitive-behavioral theory. This permits therapists to use techniques from both schools of considered to assist purchasers accomplish their goals.

Social cognitive idea is a subset of cognitive theory. Primarily concentrated on the modes in which we discover to form the demeanor of other ones, social cognitive idea can be seen in advocating crusades and gaze force situations. It is furthermore helpful in the remedy of psychological disorders encompassing phobias. Social cognitive idea is often utilized in advertising. Commercials are mindfully aimed at in the direction of specific demographic groups. Each component of the financial, from the actors to the backdrop melodies, is selected to assist that demographic recognize with the product. Notice how distinct the commercials shown throughout Saturday forenoon cartoons are from those shown throughout the ...