The Relationship between Ground Reaction Force and Components of Punch Force

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Abstract

In this study we try to explore the concept of “Topic” in a holistic context. The main focus of the research is on “Topic” and its relation with “Subtopic”. The research also analyzes many aspects of “topic” and tries to gauge its effect on “subtopic”. Finally the research describes various factors which are responsible for “topic” and tries to describe the overall effect of “Topic” on “Subtopic”.

The Relationship between Ground Reaction Force and Components of Punch Force

Background

One major drawback in measuring ground-reaction forces during running is that it is time consuming to get representative ground-reaction force (GRF) values with a traditional force platform. An instrumented force measuring treadmill can overcome the shortcomings inherent to overground testing. The purpose of the current study was to determine the validity of an instrumented force measuring treadmill for measuring vertical ground-reaction force parameters during running.

Methods

Vertical ground-reaction forces of experienced runners (12 male, 12 female) were obtained during overground and treadmill running at slow, preferred and fast self-selected running speeds. For each runner, 7 mean vertical ground-reaction force parameters of the right leg were calculated based on five successful overground steps and 30 seconds of treadmill running data. Intraclass correlations (ICC(3,1)) and ratio limits of agreement (RLOA) were used for further analysis.

For every action, according to Newton's 3rd Law of Motion (Law of Reaction), there is an equal and opposite reaction. Due to the gravity, we constantly maintain contact with the ground, and in this process, there occur interactions between the body and the ground. The reaction force supplied by the ground is specifically called the ground reaction force(GRF), which is basically the reaction to the force the body exerts on the ground. The GRF, along with the weight, is an important external force. The GRF is normally measured by a force-plate.

Figure 1a shows the reference frame of the force-plate, with the Z- axis being the vertical. The interaction between the body and the ground occurs through the foot as shown in Figures 1b, which shows the reaction force vectors acting on small areas. A force-plate normally has four tri-axial force sensors embedded that measure the force acting between the foot and the ground in 3 axes: transverse (X), anteroposterior (Y), and vertical (Z). Figure 1c show the 4 reaction force vectors measured by the sensors. The sum of all the reactions from the ground shown in Figure 1b is equivalent to the sum of the four forces measured by the sensors (F1, F2, F3, & F4) shown in ...