The Clash of Civilizations by Samuel P. Huntington

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The Clash of Civilizations by Samuel P. Huntington

Introduction

These days the world politics has been drastically changing and entering a new phase that will eventually ends the traditional rivalries between countries in the world, and the nation state from the conflicting globalism and tribalism pulls, among others. Every revelation grasps new reality aspects. However, the primary conflict source in this new era will not primary economic or ideological, but the clash of civilization will cause a conflict in the future that will occur along the cultural fault lines separating civilization.

This paper argued that this division of human emerged as dominate source of conflict that is culture. In world affairs, nation states will still remain the most influential actors, but the global politics' principle conflict will takes place between different civilizations' group and nations. Civilizations clash will govern and control global politics. The differences between civilizations will be the conflicting lines of the future.

Discussion

The theory of the clash of civilization has been proposed by political scientist Samuel P. Huntington. He proposed that the religious identities and culture of people will be the major conflict source during the post-Cold War world. This notion was prior introduced in the article “The Roots of Muslim Rage” by Bernard Lewis.

Huntington started his philosophy by conducting a survey the different theories as regards to the global politics nature during the period of post-Cold war. Few writers and theorists asserted that capitalist free market economy, liberal democracy and human rights have emerged as the only ideology for nations during the period of post-Cold war. Moreover, Huntington deemed that the ideology age has come to an end, and the world has slipped back to a normal state of affairs typified by cultural conflict. He asserted that the key conflict axis in the future will be along religious and cultural lines. The notion of diverse civilization, as the highest cultural identity rank will become growingly helpful in examining the potential for conflict (Edward, 2004).

Culture

Culture is defined differently by many theorists and usually refers to the collective and increasing deposit of values, attitudes, beliefs, experience, knowledge, concepts of the universe, spatial relations, roles, notions of time, religion, hierarchies, meanings, and material possessions and objects obtained by the group of people in the generational course by the group and individual striving. Culture is also defined as a collective way of living of people, who have same values, beliefs, set of behaviors and symbols that they accept, in general without giving a second thought about these values and beliefs, as well as are passed along via imitation and communication from one to the next generation. In addition, culture refers to a symbolic communication such as group's motives, values, attitudes, knowledge and skills. The symbols' meaning are deliberately perpetuated and learned in a society in the course of its institutions.

The developed capacity of human in classifying and representing experiences with values, attitudes and beliefs, and in acting ...