Self-Confidence and Extra Curricular Activities

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Acknowledgement

I would first like to express my gratitude for my research supervisor, colleagues, and peers and family whose immense and constant support has been a source of continuous guidance and inspiration.

DECLARATION

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCATION5

Outline of the Study5

Theoretical Background5

Self-Confidence and Gender6

Self-Confidence and Participation in Extra Curricular Activities7

Research Aim & Objective7

Study Variables8

Hypotheses8

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW9

REFERENCES14

Appendix16

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCATION

Outline of the Study

The first chapter provides an introduction to the topic including the purpose and significance of the study. The second chapter presents a review of relevant literature, highlighting the previous research carried out in this field. The third chapter covers the methodology for this study. The analysis of findings and discussion will be presented in the fourth chapter. The fifth chapter will conclude the study, providing implications and useful recommendations for further research.

Theoretical Background

Webster's dictionary defines Self- esteem as “confidence and satisfaction in oneself”. Because the term encompasses much related to human behavior, Self-Confidence has been studied extensively. The concept of Self-Confidence is widely used in psychology and language. It is referred as a sense of self-worth or the degree to which on approvers, values, and appreciates prizes herself/himself. The most elaborated and frequently implied definition of Self-Confidence is of Rosenberg's (1965). According to him, it is the unfavorable or favorable attitude towards oneself.

Some of the signs of positive Self-Confidence include: Feeling comfortable with a broad range of sentiment, cooperative and independent attitude, good sense of individual's limitations, self-direction, confidence, good self-care, aptitude of trusting others, assertiveness, awareness of personal strengths, capability of committing errors and learning from them, optimism, ability to solve problems, non-blaming behavior, and ability to accept mistakes from others.

Self-Confidence and Gender

Some of the variables studied related to Self-Confidence include, race, gender, and age. There are differences in gender with respect to Self-Confidence. A meat-analysis discovered that male adolescence have higher Self-Confidence as compare to females (Tweng & Campbel, 2001). In addition, a current meat-analysis explored that there is significant gender difference in specific domains of Self-Confidence; female scored significantly lower than males on self-satisfaction, personal self, and self-confidence; males scored greater as compare to females on self-satisfaction, Self-Confidence and personal self. Nonetheless, females scored greater as compare to males on moral ethical Self-Confidence and behavior conduct.

Personal self-concept is a gauging tool of personality apart from interpersonal relationship and physical body. Also self-satisfaction is a measure of interpersonal relationship and physical body (Stringer, Reynolds & Simpson, 2003). It is observed that these measures coincide with international self-esteem, which is in favor of males. On the contrary, ethical-moral self-concept is connected to an individual's perception of ethical-moral self-concept contentment and attributes with his/her religion or absence of it. Individual's perception of the way socially approved behavior ...