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San Andres Island and International Relations

Introduction

The dispute between Colombia and Nicaragua over the territorial issue of san Andres maritime boundary which have taken over two decades ago, Several hearing have taken over this issue at international court of justice, the court referred it as line determined by the 1900, it was a result of the Honduras and Nicaragua mixed boundary commission, on the other hand the Nicaragua has also have a land dispute with the Honduras in the Caribbean Sea. In this Research paper I will analyze the territorial dispute of Colombia and Nicaragua over san Andres and I will also analyze the effect of this dispute on the international relations. I will discuss that how this dispute among two border affecting the economics, history of the regions, treaties, tourism, oil, different governments, security issues, trade market, and type of politics, and How this problem has affected other countries in Latin America, the United States and other regions of the world.

Political Scenario

First of all I will highlight the concern of Colombia sovereignty pertaining over San Andres. The provincial treaty was renewed after the victory of Sandinista National Liberation Front in Nicaragua in 1979. During that the time leader revitalized the territory claim of Nicaraguan. The Sandinistas stated that the treaty of Barcenas-Esquerra among Colombia and Nicaragua took place in 1928 is not valid because it was signed under pressure from United States. (David Mares, 2001 31-59) After the renewal of the Nicaragua claim, the Colombian Government Send off a naval force included the squadron of a Mirage Fighters, there were around five hundred marines were send to the San Andres, those fighter were deployed at the capital of San Andres. One New military base was developed in order to serve as a Colombia's Naval Head quarters. During the time of 1980's several minor clashes took place due to the presence of the Nicaraguan fishing boats nearby the San Andres islands, on the other the Nicaraguan state tries to make sure that they can identify a peaceful resolution to their dispute, rather than going for a military confrontation over the island. During that time the Colombian government was giving signals for showing their willingness to defend their claims over the San Andres Island, Colombia made sure that they will use all methods for defending the island including the use of military forces.

On the time of inauguration of the administration of Colombian President Belisario Betancur Cuartas in 1982, the relationship between Colombia and Nicaragua was improved. Due to this improvement the Nicaraguan government had placed a less emphasis on the public campaign for reclaiming San Andre's territory. (González, F., 1995)

The Strategic location of the San Andres Island is located near to the Caribbean side of the Panama Canal. This attracted United States for making the Military base at the Island, but Colombian government made it clear and stated that they would not allow any establishment of foreign military bases on their island, This statement made it clear to ...