PSYCHOLOGY

Introduction to Psychology

Psychology

Oxford English Dictionary defines psychology as “the science of the functions phenomena and nature of the human mind or soul”. American Psychological Association (APA) describes psychology as, “It is the study of the mind and behaviour. The discipline embraces all aspects of the human experience ranging from the functions of the brain to the actions of nations, from child development to care for the aged. In every conceivable setting from scientific research centres to mental healthcare services, "the understanding of behaviour" is the enterprise of psychologists”. In addition, According to Feldman (1990), Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour of human and its mental procedures. Psychology is regarded as a science since it utilizes the steps of scientific methods to study human behaviour. Psychology is empirical and systemic relying on the measurements. Science generally proceeds according to theses given steps which are as follows:

Problem Identification

Hypothesis Formulation

Data collection

4Analysis and Interpretation of Data

Conclusion Generalization

Common Sense

On the contrary, common sense can be grouped in three ways (1). It is a group of collective primary suppositions, (2) it is defined as communal beliefs or aphorism, and (3) it is a collective way of thinking. It has been argued that psychology is associated with these areas.

Common sense is a significant yet inalienably risky information source accessible to psychologists. Common sense is a method for considering; a hazardous source for analysts with an inclination to work noiselessly in the unconscious area of the human psyche. Consequently, it has a tendency to be headstrong to examination whereas in the meantime pushing an influential but concealed impact over psychologists' perceiving that is mostly remain unevaluated and unanalysed.

Differences between common sense and psychological terms

Everybody has thoughts regarding what lies underneath the actions experienced in daily routine. Many a time, these thoughts are effortlessly communicated, yet in some cases they are certain and outsides the knowledge of conscious awareness. For instance, some implicit theories of psychology depict the unspoken desires and prospects one has regarding interpersonal relationships between attributes. Let's suppose one perceives Mike as brave, he is liable to expect that he is likewise bold and certain, since these qualities are nearly identified in our implicit personality theories (Rosenberg, Nelson & Vivekananthan, 1982). .

Every sciences emerge as correlations adaptations and refinement, of common sense (Oppenheimer, 1956), whereas, common sense is the regarded as the source from which science emerges and to which it should repeat. In this respect, the science of psychology is no different.

Fritz Heider, one of the pioneers of advanced psychology, saw the errand of psychology as the common sense systematization. Psychology incorporates the investigation of self-evident, routine phenomena, enticed to induce that it provides more than common sense. Nevertheless, Intuitive psychology and common sense provide a comprehension of actions of human that might appear to be ambiguous and is frequently opposing. Considering the two proverbs, “many hands make light work” vs. “too many cooks spoil the broth”, absence makes the heart grow fonder” ...