Industrial Development in Europe in Nineteenth Century



Industrial Development in Europe in Nineteenth Century

Thesis Statement

During the nineteenth century Europe had a great revolution in the field of industrial development.

Introduction

Two revolutions end up with the Old Regime, the liberal revolutions or bourgeois politics and the Industrial Revolution in economics. Its importance, therefore, it is transcendental. It has been said, rightly, that the transformation is greater that humanity has experienced, from the point of view of production, from the Neolithic revolution in which man began to produce their food with discovery of agriculture and livestock. In general the machinery of production involved and thus the dramatic increase in the volume of products, i.e. over the factory workshop.

The Industrial Revolution in England: causes and development

Of all the countries of the country was England prepared for carry out the great transformation that the workshop would lead to large scale production in factories. England started with advantages in many areas: a policy framework favorable, abundance of capital, population growth, availability of materials premiums from their colonies and abundant deposits of coal ... and a capitalist mentality that did not exist elsewhere in Europe if we except Holland. Rev. Ind. The first did not occur suddenly, throughout the eighteenth century England has transformed its agricultural and financial structures and its fruits will be see mid-century with the mechanization of production. For years the English made the journey alone, and changes from 1830 jumped to the mainland.

The political system

It is essential to explain why England and not in another country began the process of economic transformation. Since the sixteenth century the English king has disentailed the property of the Church (which not spent on the Continent). England was the only European country since the end seventeenth century enjoyed a parliamentary monarchy, against the absolutism of the rest of European countries. In Parliament represented the nobility (nobility with capitalist mentality), the Church (with little weight from the viewpoint of economic and political) and the bourgeoisie with a large weight in the political and economic. As we see the bourgeoisie, unlike other European countries, is in power and united by economic interests of the nobility, not fail to pass laws that favor the economic development initiatives unthinkable in France or Spain. Furthermore, the standard of living was higher than in any European country except the Netherlands.

The Agricultural Revolution.

In the English countryside be produced substantial changes along the eighteenth century a decisive influence on the industry to produce a capital accumulation and release of labor that will go to the sector industry.

The enclosure of land and ownership concentration

From the Parliament the bourgeoisie and the nobility get the entry into force some laws to fence the land and leave the farm community of the fields: are the Enclosures Acts or laws for the fencing of the fields. As a result of these laws will be a concentration of properties: the poor farmers resources cannot fund the enclosure of their land and have no choice but to sell ...