EDUCATION SYSTEM OF ENGLAND & RUSSIA

Education System of England & Russia

Education System of England & Russia

Education in England is overseen by the Department for Children, Schools and Families and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. At a local level the local authorities take responsibility for implementing policy for public education and state schools.

Full-time education is compulsory for all children aged between 5 and 16 (inclusive). Students may then continue their secondary studies for a further two years (sixth form), leading most typically to an A level qualification, although other qualifications and courses exist, including the BTEC and the International Baccalaureate. The leaving age for compulsory education was raised to 18 by the Education and Skills Act 2008. The change will take effect in 2013 for 17 year olds and 2015 for 18 year olds.[8] State-provided schools are free of charge to students, and there is also a tradition of independent schooling, but parents may choose to educate their children by any suitable means.

Higher education typically begins with a 3-year Bachelor's Degree. Postgraduate degrees include Master's Degrees, either taught or by research, and Doctor of Philosophy, a research degree that usually takes at least 3 years. Universities require a Royal charter in order to issue degrees, and all but one are financed by the state with a low level of fees for students.

The school year begins usually on the 1st of September (sometimes the 2nd or 3rd if the 1st falls on a weekend). Education is compulsory for all children from the term after their fifth birthday to the last Friday in June of the school year in which they turn 16.[9] This will be raised in 2013 to the year in which they turn 17 and in 2015 to the year in which they turn 18.[8]

State-run schools and colleges are financed through national taxation, and take pupils free of charge between the ages of 3 and 18. The schools may levy charges for activities such as swimming, theatre visits and field trips, provided the charges are voluntary, thus ensuring that those who cannot afford to pay are allowed to participate in such events. Approximately 93% of English schoolchildren attend such schools.

A significant minority of state-funded schools are faith schools, which are attached to religious groups, most often the Church of England or the Roman Catholic Church. There are also a small number of state-funded boarding schools, which typically charge for board but not tuition.

Nearly 90% of state-funded secondary schools are specialist schools, receiving extra funding to develop one or more subjects in which the school specialises.

The table below describes the most common patterns for schooling in the state sector in England:

Age on 1st Sept

Year

Curriculum stage

Schools

3

Nursery

Foundation Stage

Nursery school

4

Reception

Infant school

Primary school

First school

5

Year 1

Key Stage 1

6

Year 2

7

Year 3

Key Stage 2

Junior school

8

Year 4

9

Year 5

Middle school

10

Year 6

11

Year 7

Key Stage 3

Secondary school

Secondary schoolwith sixth form

12

Year 8

13

Year 9

Upper school orHigh school

14

Year 10

Key Stage 4 / GCSE

15

Year 11

16

Year 12

Sixth form / A level

Sixth form college

17

Year 13

In the vast majority of cases, pupils progress from primary to secondary levels at ...