CULTURE

Anthropology

Anthropology

Question 1

Anthropology is the science of man in the past and the present of any culture. It Contains two major areas: Physical Anthropology, which deals with biological evolution and the physiological adaptation of human beings, Social and Cultural Anthropology, deals with people living in society, i.e. changing forms of language, culture and customs (Kane, 1996).

Business anthropology in the United States, as an anthropological primarily considered as the practice in which college graduates or professionals with experience applying theories and methods of their science to the solution of specific problems faced by managers of organizations entrepreneurs and managers in the commercial sector, particularly in industry (Kane, 1996). Scientific development as research conducted by universities and social labs are concentrated in three areas: marketing and consumer behavior, organizational theory, and an international business.

For the study of consumer tastes, especially in multiethnic countries, it is not enough to hold a focus group or a small questionnaire. World's leading companies, including Apple, Motorola, Xerox and Intel, working in the field of high technologies, hire entire staffs of anthropologists and ethnographers to find out the cultural stereotypes of people of deep techniques of interviewing, observation and video recording is not in the lab, but among the natural habitats cultural minorities. The results of observation of human behavior in a familiar environment recorded in the scientific reports carried out for commercial firms, and are the basis for making design and management decisions. Half of all anthropologists with doctoral degrees, according to president of the National Association of Practical Anthropology (National Association for the Practice of Anthropology) S. Squires, now working outside the universities. Painstaking, long observations of anthropologists to see how people behave at home and help entrepreneurs improve the shape and design of computers, mice, displays, joysticks. So anthropologists observe the things and help to understand the needs and wants of consumers of the specific product.

Question 2

Culture is the set of all forms, models or patterns, explicit or implicit, through which a society governs the behavior of individuals within it. As such it includes customs, practices, codes, standards and rules of the manner, dress, religion, rituals, and norms of behavior and belief systems (Chin, 2001). From another point of view we can say that culture is all the information and skills that humans possess. The concept of culture is fundamental to the disciplines that are responsible for the study of society, especially anthropology and sociology. For ...