Why do younger children fail at the balance bean, conservation & the three mountains?

Why do younger children fail at the balance bean, conservation & the three mountains?

Introduction

There has always been some confusion at the time of framing and naming coordination and balance, as many authors speak of "Skills", others as Bouchard spoke of "Perceptive Qualities-kinetic" and others were said to belong to group of "Motor Qualities."

Motor Qualities are those components of the mechanisms responsible for motion control. It is a concept closely related to driving ability, defined as range of motion gained from learning. The motor skill corresponds to movement patterns that occur on the basis of all quantitative and qualitative components. Motor skill is an instrument of development of motor qualities. The more skills we learn, the better develop these qualities.

This paper focuses on three topic regarding fail in balance bean, conservation & the three mountains.

Coordination

Concept and development activities for Motor coordination is one of the qualitative elements of motion, which will depend on the degree of development of the CNS, the genetic potential of students to control the movement and stimulation, and of course, the experiences and learning they have acquired engines in the previous stages.

Concept of Coordination

Coordination is a motor skill so broad that supports a plurality of concepts. Among various authors who have defined coordination, we will highlight:

Castañer and Camerino (1991): a movement is coordinated when it meets the criteria of accuracy, efficiency, economy and harmony.

Alvarez del Villar (reported in Contreras, 1998): the neuromuscular coordination is the ability to fine-tune the thing willed and designed in accordance with the image set by the intelligence driving the need for movement.

Jimenez and Jimenez (2002): is the body's ability to combine the work of various muscles, with the intention of performing certain actions.

Concept of Balance Bean

In general, the balance may be defined as "the proper maintenance of the position of the various parts of the body and the body itself in the space". The generic concept of balance encompasses all those aspects related to postural control, allowing operating effectively and with maximum energy savings, to all organ systems.

Several authors have defined the concept of balance, among them we highlight:

Contreras (1998): maintenance of posture by correction to nullify changes in exogenous or endogenous.

Garcia and Fernandez (2002): the body's balance is tonic changes that prepare the muscles and joints to ensure the stable relationship between the body axis and center of gravity.

Types of Balance

Garcia and Fernandez (2002), Contreras (1998), Escobar (2004) and others, claim that there are two types of balance:

Static balance: control of the position without displacement.

Dynamic equilibrium: reaction of a subject in displacement against the action of gravity.

Factors in the Balance

Body balance is built and developed based on visuospatial information and vestibular. A disorder in balance control, not only will cause difficulties for spatial integration, but will condition on postural control. Next, we will distinguish three groups of factors:

Sensory factors: Bodies sensorimotor, ...