Social Cognition and Social Psychology of Emotion

Social Cognition and Social Psychology of Emotion

Appraisal Theory

Appraisal theory proposes that the introduction of extrinsic rewards for behaviors that have already received a taste due to intrinsic reward associated with the content of the work itself tends to reduce the overall level of motivation. Historically, appraisal theorists have assumed that the motivation and success, achievement, responsibility and competence, i.e. intrinsic motivators are totally independent of extrinsic motivators that is both not affect or influence each the other.

However, the appraisal theory is quite the contrary; that when an employee is rewarded when presented with extrinsic rewards desired behavior for the organization, reducing the interest of the worker by the intrinsic rewards of work itself. This theory is to be effective, would provide many implications for management practices. In this regard, it would be more appropriate to the wages of individuals should not go according to their performance, because if so would decrease their intrinsic motivation (Scherer, et. al., 2001).

This theory although has received support from a large group of researchers, has also received various attacks, because it uses weak methodology resulting in criticism by the inappropriate interpretation of results. Therefore further research is required. Since the investigations that were conducted were conducted with students, student behavior is not like that takes an employee of an organization, because their motivations are directed to other achievements, which move more clearly intrinsic extrinsic rewards. Furthermore, the studies indicate that high levels of intrinsic motivation bear the negative impacts of material rewards. At the other extreme extrinsic rewards for routine tasks and tasteless usually create a clear tendency to intrinsic motivation.

In short this theory may well have an application in the work carried out in the organization, but this is limited, since most of the work, which are made by the lower level of the organization, are not sufficiently satisfactory to fill the high intrinsic interest. For management positions and high level professionals, they generally provide low intrinsic rewards. In conclusion we can say that this theory would apply to organizational work or overly bland, and extremely interesting (Marquis & Huston, 2009).

The expression of emotion in Man and Animal

In 1873 Darwin published The Expression of Emotions in animals and in men. Although Darwin is recognized primarily their biological findings and have developed the theory of evolution by selection natural, that have special relevance in the field of biology and science related concerns about the behavior was always a constant ...