Personality Overview

Personality Overview

Introduction

The term personality refers to the set of features psychic and modes of behavior that define the core of individual differences in the multiplicity of contexts in which human behavior is developed. Each core theory in psychology, conceptualize personality within different models, using methods, objectives and methods of analysis very dissonant with each other. The personality psychology is very important part of human personality because it describes the characteristics and behavior of an individual (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). The main purpose of personality psychology addresses the broader issue of the “what is it to be a person.” Personality psychology belongs to psychology that identifies and admits mysticism as a crucial aspect of the psyche of man and of the general method of things (Ewen, 1997). It also honors the whole field of human experience, such as different stages and realms of the human psyche that become visible in their characteristics and traits. In this essay, I will be going to discuss about the Psychodynamic personalities and Humanistic personality theories.

Discussion

Psychodynamic approach in psychology is one of the major schools of psychology, which emphasizes the dynamic forces that govern personality, indicates the possibility of the occurrence of conflicts between them, and present a proposal for their reduction ("treatment"). This approach recognizes that the main source of psychological health problems is the conflict between the conflicting aspirations of different layers of personality, which results in anxiety, malaise and other adverse symptoms. One of the elements underlying the psychodynamic study of personality was the discovery of ' unconscious (Ewen, 1997). Father of psychodynamic approach is Sigmund Freud, who first introduced the concept of the psychology of the unconscious, and created a complete psychological theory (Freudianism), together with the original therapeutic method (psychoanalysis) (Berecz, 2009).

According to psychodynamic theory, the primary motives of human action lie in innate, unconscious structures of personality (id). They create psychic energy (primary process) attempts to get to the ego, the purpose of implementation (satisfaction, gratification - secondary process). This is because only the ego has the opportunity to communicate with the environment and decide on any activity outside the body (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). Innate drives, however, face towards the ego censorship of society which retains some of the drives (those that are incompatible with the social system of values), while others pass, then they experience gratification (unit performs the specified action to meet the need). Internalized rules of conduct form a layer surrounding the personality known as the superego (Ewen, 1997). It thus appears that the human personality is inevitably conflicted: you never will, so that society (and thus the superego) will allow the implementation of all the instincts of the id. Simultaneously, all rejected by the superego contents are not annihilated, but demanded a reward (satisfaction) with increasing force (hence the name: the dynamics of personality). Mental apparatus must therefore invest more and more energy to keep illegal motives at bay. To prevent the disintegration of personality, be mobilized defenses that are able to modify ...