PAIDIATRIC NURSE

The Management of Diarrhea in Children

The Management of Diarrhea in Children

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to expand the boundaries of the author's knowledge by exploring some relevant facts related to Paidiatric Nurse. It is a branch of nursing that is dedicated to working with both infants and with children, usually up to the age of puberty or adolescence . The pediatric nurse is of utmost importance since they are responsible for the care and control the different facets of the growth of a child from the moment of birth until she reaches puberty. Pediatric nursing should not be confused with the pediatric medical practice which is the first part.

The pediatric nurse will be interested in the development of all forms of preventive care and the health of a child welfare. The pediatric nurse begins to exert its function at the same time the baby is born and must be addressed by professionals to control both vital signs as well as to analyze the possible existence of complications that must then be treated by medical professionals in the relevant branch . The pediatric nurse is the point that connects patients with doctors because they are responsible for carrying out the professional diagnostic then taken to treat the child. One of the most important role of pediatric nurse is to know the child's development through its growth and that this evolution arise or appear different possible complications as well as different needs. The pediatric nurse is extremely important because of the diagnoses and treatments carried out in this stage of the life of a person ito ensure good quality of life in their subsequent growth. Diarrheal disease is one of the leading causes of worldwide childhood morbidity and mortality, resulting in 1.4 to 2.5 million deaths annually (Bryce, 2005, p. 1147). Although the total number of deaths globally from diarrheal diseases remains high, the overall mortality rate has steadily declined over the last few decades. This decline, especially in developing countries, is largely due to the use of early and appropriate oral dehydration therapy, as well as improved nutrition and water sanitation measures.

Problem Statement

The comparison of the effectiveness of oral dehydration therapy over intravenous fluids in the management of diarrhea in children.

Literature Review

Diarrhea is generally defined as an increase in the frequency and liquidity of bowel movements. Diarrhea can vary from semisolid to watery and can be classified as acute if its duration is less than 4 weeks and chronic if it is greater than 4 weeks. In chidlren, Acute diarrhea can be caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites. The leading viral cause of acute diarrhea in children is noroviruses (formerly known as Norwalk-like viruses). These viruses are more likely to also cause nausea and vomiting than bacteria and parasites, especially in children. Rotaviruses and Hepatitis A can also cause viral diarrhea. A common cause of acute diarrhea in the United States is viral gastroenteritis. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that viruses cause ...