ORGANIZATIONAL TRANSFORMATION

Organizational Transformation

Organizational Transformation Q&A

Answer A

The concept of Training and education in an organization is directed toward maintaining and improving current job performance, while 'Development' seeks to develop competencies for future roles. Training and Development are seen as formalized learning activities (Keep and Mayhew 1996). The ability of organizations is to develop and the skills and knowledge to do present and future jobs, which roughly translated is what training and development is about (Keep and Rainbird, 2000). Goldstein (1996) defined training and development as the systematic acquisition of skills, rules, concepts or attitudes that result in improved performance in any environment.

The training and education are function contextualized within that section of the Human Resource Management literature which positions training and education as the central element of company strategy. The structure of the training and education function, determined by its status and remit, may be said to reflect a company's commitment to its employees' long-term development and within this paradigm, training and education are claimed to be a key determinant of competitive success Training and education is highly significant to human resource management and to the success of HR policies. Therefore the aim of this assignment is to discuss and investigate the evidence and arguments which suggest that training and education are considered by organizations as being strategically important to overall organization competitive strategy.

Answer B

Management is the "attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling organizational resources." (Buhler, 2002, 20-22.) The problem is that there are too many people managing and too few leading, as shown by the Management-Leadership mix where there exist too many people with a combination of strong management skills and weak leadership skills. This ties in with the saying "over managed and under led." Jennings, (200321) The key challenge however is said to, obtain the correct combination of leadership and management, and use them both to balance each other. According to Mason, (2004, 102-103) managers already possess the abilities and qualities needed to be effective leaders, so if they can adapt their skills, then leaders would be plentiful. Many leaders are stuck in the practises of the old paradigm or industrial era that valued control and stability, and not moving into the new paradigm and reality of the 21st century which requires empowerment and the achievement of collaboration. Grugulis and Stoyanova, (2006, 39-42) sum this up when they ...