KINESIOLOGY

Biomechanics Of Knee Injuries And Treatment



Biomechanics of knee injuries and Treatment

A musculoskeletal injury is an abnormal change in the structure and / or function in a particular tissue. The cause may be external, for example after a stroke mechanics, or may be internal, for example due to a metabolic disorder. Although very brief, I will present some points that are not taken into account when discussing whether weight training produces more or less injury than other sports. For example, Professor Fernando Naclerio usually says that weight training produces little damage. This goes against the clinical evidence in Olympic training centers (Valdes, 2008, 581-603) and in my opinion, is the result of a reductionist interpretation of the concept of injury, as they are clearly identified biological mechanisms, metabolic and degenerative disorders (e.g. overuse) arising out of certain practices, which have no short-term clinical manifestations, but may manifest years later (as in the cartilage). On the other hand, we must take into account when interpreting studies, which may not correlate radiological and symptomatic, and here there is also a clear reduction in the interpretation of studies. Although many studies associate certain cohorts, whether athletes or sedentary, such as a higher incidence of radiographic osteoarthritis, is a profound mistake to infer that the "quality" musculoskeletal worse in this cohort without assessing the associated symptoms such as pain or loss of functionality (Poolsup , 2005, 1080-7).

In the picture we have a frontal plane of the skeletal structure of the knee, not ball to observe good deep anatomical structures. The femur bone ends in round two formations: the femoral condyles, which come into contact with the meniscus (below), and the patella (ahead). From the back of the femoral go down the cruciate ligaments, to the top of the tibia, called the tibial plateau. Together they form the femoro-tibial joint. But there is another major joint in the knee, which is formed by the femur to the patella. There is even a third joint at the knee, it will not participate actively in the knee flexion and extension: that is the tibia and fibula (Nüesch, 2009, 315-342).

Basic Biomechanics

The movements of the knee joint are flexion and extension of the knee, which is accompanied by physiological internal rotation (the extension) and external rotation (in bending) due to the difference in the size of the medial condyle of larger diameter and longitudinal smaller diameter cross anteriorizada available about the lateral condyle which requires rotating the lateral condyle having completed their tour, and their subsequent divergence. The rotation of the tibia increased from 20 to 90 degrees by the decrease in tension of the ligaments in flexion and extension intermediate values and partial loss of contact menisci and condyles. There are also small movements and adaptive analytical passive frontal plane, called varus and valgus. The length of the femoral condyles is double that of the tibia, so full flexion is not performed by a single running gear along the length of the joint in the sagittal plane, but ...