Homelessness

Homelessness

Introduction

Homeless persons are those who have regular and customary access to residence or conventional home. Homeless people that were studied diversed widely by country and study type. The studies were conducted in shelters, and departments of emergency services, social services and in streets via social workers. Homeless persons are mostly male 60 to 95 percent with adolescents and children being regularly reported in a number of countries like USA, but rarely in other. Homelessness is often related with some psychological illness, particularly phobia and with abuse of substance. The ratio of patients with mental disorders in homeless people depends on how the individual's status of mental health is tested.

High Risk Conditions and Associated Behavior

Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

Crowded shelter places provide ideal circumstances for the respiratory diseases' spread, involving influenza. In addition, drug addiction, alcoholism and infection of HIV prompt to pneumonia that is caused by the Streptococcus pneumonia. Minor infections of upper respiratory have been found common in children that are homeless and accounts for 40 percent of severe medical problems of the homeless (Alstrom, 1975). Deaths because of diseases of respiratory system is accounted to be 7 times more in the people that are homeless. Respiratory diseases resulted in 20 percent of all the deaths in homeless people. Tuberculosis was the cause of 16 percent of these deaths, whereas 44 percent were accounted by pneumonia that is non-tuberculosis, the H influenza b can also be the reason for pneumonia in the adolescents and has been reported mainly in intoxicating patients that are homeless.

Use of Injected Drug and Diseases of Bloodborne

Homeless population is at higher risk of infections of bloodborne, because they are regular users of venous drugs. HIV commonness in the United States was estimated at 0 to 32 percent on the basis of testing sample of about 11,203 people. In a study of 18 109 samples for blood from the homeless population demonstrated the occurrence of such infections for about 3.3 percent.

Cutaneous and Foot problems

The Foot problems are a main cause of disease and might represent for about 20 percent of the medicinal complaints of people that are homeless (Wrenn, 1991). The major cause of foot grazes is trauma, minor, repetitive because the homeless people mostly walk for prolonged periods in unsuitable shoes. Sitting in a sleeping position and standing for long time results in leg oedema and venous stasis at times associated with the wound. Cold and humidity (trench foot or immersion foot) often results in primary lesions of the foot. Marginal neuropathy was diagnosed by the absence of ankle reflexes, is common in homeless people due to alcoholism. The resulting loss the painful sensation causes more wide lesions of foot. The high occurrence of hypertension.

Pediculosis and lice-borne diseases

With the resurgence of body lice, diseases due to bacteria, where body lice are the vectors most often. These include typhoid fever caused by the contiguous infections, trench fever because of Quintana B, and lice-borne reverting fever resulted by Borrelia ...