Four views on Hell

[Name of the Institute]

Table of Contents

Introduction1

Brief Summary of the Four Views on Hell1

Critical interaction with each author's contribution2

John Walvoord: The Literal View2

William Crockett: The Metaphorical View3

Zachary Hayes: The Purgatorial View4

Clark Pinnock: The Conditional View5

Conclusion6

Bibliography8

Four views on Hell

Introduction

The outlook of countless massive amounts everlastingly incarcerated in a hellish investigation state is truly a disturbing concept. In the book “Four Views of Hell”, the authors have addressed the issues that squarely offering various perspectives on the nature, and implications of the biblical doctrine. The four views given by John Walvoord, who gave the literal vie on Hell. Then the second view given by William Crockett, who gave a metaphorical view. Similarly, Zachary Hayes gave the purgatorial view, and lastly Clark Pinnock gave the immortality provisional view. The sermons of Edwards, such as "Sinners in the hands of an angry God," taught that the unrepentant and lax on the spiritual end their days in the unquenchable fire of hell. One can understand why people listen to Edwards - or other similar message to the preachers - could moan and scream of terror, as some did, and succumb to a hysterical terror, or even mad. Viewpoints followed by a brief rebuttal from the opposing authors, offering a critique of the arguments presented.

Brief Summary of the Four Views on Hell

Hell is undoubtedly a major subject. You can literally count on his fingers and toes the passages that speak directly to hell. However, it is true that every writer has something to say in an indirect way about hell when speaking of a future trial of anyone who voluntarily reject the grace of God and loving the good life that God intends from eternity to give His human children. The book “Four Views on Hell” has given critical arguments of four different authors, who have given their views on hell. John Walvoord argues for the literal view of hell, which got shorthand for saying that the punishments described mostly by Jesus are “physical, mental and emotional” states of torment. Walvoord lays out his case by charting the progressive nature of this doctrine from the Old Testament to the New. William Crockett embraces a metaphorical view of hell. He argues that the various descriptions of both heaven and hell are not literal but are rhetorical accommodations that point to a reality that is beyond our apprehension. Crockett argues that first century rabbi's often used hyperbole and that we should not read literally what Jesus intended to be understood as exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis. Zachary Hayes defends the purgatorial view of hell, which is the Catholic position. He defends the logic of the view, tracing it through church tradition. Hayes then appeals to the eastern Christian tradition of seeing the after-life as a purifying process rather than a punitive one. Charles Pinnock argues for the conditional view which states that all of the references to destruction and eternal fire refer to the annihilation of the wicked from existence. Pinnock asserts that hell is real ...