CARDIOVASCULAR AND METABOLIC ADAPTATION

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Adaptation

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Adaptation

Introduction

Although there are numerous sports, such as swimming is the exercise less wear danger to the musculoskeletal system means running is because of the history of development (evolution) a "natural" sport of the people. Track events, there were already at the ancient Olympic Games. In modern sport is part of the running track and with many disciplines represented at the modern Olympics. In amateur sports, there are even many railway track events involving the participation of nearly only very ambitious amateur runners. A renaissance is in running in a large width but starting from the United States since the mid-1980s in the form of steadily increasing in number and size of road running competitions held.

In this report, we will not only look into the details of runner's physiology, but also its metabolic and cardio adaptation.

Physiology

The energy expenditure of the body when walking is one kcal per kilogram of body weight per kilometer traveled. One 80-pound runner consumed at 15 km / h 1200 kcal per hour. 70 to 80 percent is converted into heat. Sweat or water supplies cooling by evaporation of about 600 kcal / liter, so the runners exudes one to two liters of water per hour. Since the human body can store only small amounts of water, while running is to ensure a sufficiently high fluid intake. The recommendations in this regard contradict significantly. 

Lactate thresholds

We found this interesting article about lactate thresholds. We hope to serve you much help. We refer to the lactate threshold as one of three main physiological factors related to performance in endurance sports (the other two being the VO2max and Efficiency / Economy) and VO2max is a measure of the maximum energy per unit time (power) that the athlete can be generated by aerobic metabolism, lactate threshold is a measure of the percentage of VO2max that the athlete can sustain for long periods. When you combine the three factors gives the power / speed sustainable for long periods, the main determinant of physiological performance in endurance sports.

Threshold (s) Lactate

Lactate is an intermediate product in the metabolism of carbohydrates, the level of lactate production is regulated by muscular equilibrium reactions catalyzed by enzymes and strongly depends on the relationship between exercise intensity, which determines the energy needs, and the ability satisfy agency by oxidative processes in mitochondria.

To the extent that the energy requirements exceed the capacity of the lactate produced oxidative processes is incorporated into the bloodstream. During exercise, the lactate produced in the muscle is active simultaneously consumed by other muscles, the heart, liver and kidneys, the blood lactate level depends on the balance of these processes and, therefore, in exercise intensity.

When looking at the blood lactate concentration have to think that what we get is a "snapshot" of a dynamic process of production and clearance, could make the analogy with the water level of a pool to which-simultaneously-in and out water: just look at the level not tell us if the sink is filling, emptying or level is stable, it is necessary ...