A Comparison of THEOS and Landsat 5 Multi-Temporal-Imagery for Monitoring Rice in Thailand

by

Abstract

Launched in 2008, THEOS has successfully received data. The data of THEOS will soon be applied to and play an important role in resources surveying, environment monitoring, disaster assessing, mapping, and digital city. The Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor provides the longest running continuous dataset of moderate spatial resolution remote sensing imagery, dating back to its launch in March 1984. Historically, the radiometric calibration procedure for this imagery used the instrument's response to the Internal Calibrator (IC) on a scene-by-scene basis to determine the gain and offset of each detector.

Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Study Area5

The Aim Of Study6

Objectives of the study8

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW10

Introduction of Remote sensing10

The definition of Remote Sensing10

Component of remote sensing10

Concept of resolution11

1.Spatial resolution11

2.Spectral resolution12

3.Temporal resolution12

4.Radiometric resolutions13

Type of sensor for Earth observation satellite (Active and Passive sensor)14

The THEOS Satellite14

1) Payload and Bus14

Technical Details of THEOS Instruments19

THEOS Ground Segment20

Satellite Parameters20

LANDSAT-5 21

Cross comparison Satellite , Inter-sensor satellite comparison24

Approaches for Comparison and Evaluation of Satellites26

Geometric correction for comparison26

Atmospheric correction approach28

Comparison of basic features among the two sensor data31

Inter band correlation/band to band correlation31

Reflectance estimation31

Vegetation Indices especially NDVI33

Empirical relationship33

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY34

IMAGE TEST ZONE SELECTION34

QUICK ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION41

FAST LINE-OF-SIGHT ATMOSPHERIC ANALYSIS OF SPECTRAL HYPER-CUBES (FLAASH)42

PROCESSING OF FLAASH43

STEP 1: EQUATION OF RADIANCE44

STEP 2: CALCULATIONS OF RADIATION TRANSPORT45

METHOD45

INPUT REQUIREMENTS OF FLAASH48

FLAASH USING ENVI IMAGE50

THEOS50

WHERE, FOR BAND I (WM-2•SR-1•?M-1)A THE GAIN OF THEOS IS GI50

THE BAND'S DIGITAL NUMBER IS DNI, AND50

LANDSAT51

ROI (REGION OF INTEREST)53

CHAPTER 4: RESULTS56

A : GENERAL56

B: SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE OF RICE IN VARIOUS PHENOLOGY STAGES58

C: HISTROGRAMNDVI67

D: REGRESSION73

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION82

Geometric Correction86

Atmospheric correction87

ROI (Region of Interest)90

Analysis90

THEOS Advantage in Data Applications94

Limitations and advantages:95

REFERENCES98

Chapter 1: Introduction

Knowledge of the spatial information such as spatial distribution and geographical location are significant for production at various spatial scales. Analysis of remote sensing is effective tool for highlighting the agricultural features such as quality, quantity and types of crops from regional to local and global spatial scales. Satellite sensors has wide range of spatial resolution and temporal frequency, from high to lower resolution swath width.

THEOS has a design life of five years with a follow-on mission now in the planning stage. The satellite will transmit data to the THEOS Image Ground Segment (IGS) which will house the data reception and processing facilities. Command and control of the satellite will be provided by the THEOS Control Ground Segment (CGS) in Thailand.

The Astrium-on behalf of the Thai Space Agency THEOS (Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency) built optical Earth observation satellite to THEOS (Thailand Earth Observation System) on 6 August 2008 aboard a Dnepr rocket from the Russian Jasny launch into space. THEOS will swing in at a height of 820 km in the same orbit, the satellite is already on the SPOT-5 will orbit (Chander, 2009, pp.893-903).

THEOS remains the sole property of THEOS, which cares automatically to its operation in orbit. With the THEOS system in Thailand is soon over georeferenced image data to the entire planet and the required processing capacity for the various application areas of the system, such ...